Grade 11 U.S. History - California Standards Tests (CSTs) Released Items

What effect did the Enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies?
1. Colonial leaders began extending voting rights to all citizens.
2. The First Continental Congress determined a need for a federal bill of rights.
3. Colonial leaders began advocating the adoption of a state-supported church.
4. Colonists began to question the authority of the British monarchy.
The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the Enlightenment idea of
1. natural rights.
2. collective ownership.
3. religious freedom.
4. political equality.
Which of the following belongs in the empty box above?
1. The Missouri Compromise
2. The Great Compromise
3. The Federalist papers
4. The Articles of Confederation
Use the following information to complete the statement.

The idea included in the excerpt from the Declaration of Independence can be attributed to
1. John Locke.
2. Montesquieu.
3. Voltaire.
4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the Supreme Court to
1. try cases between states.
2. accept appeals from lower federal courts.
3. try cases involving foreign diplomats.
4. review the constitutionality of state and federal laws.
The acquisition of an American overseas empire during the late 1890s created legal controversies concerning the
1. power of the government to make and ratify peace treaties.
2. role of the President as Commander in Chief.
3. Constitutional rights of the inhabitants of the new American territories.
4. rights of American businesses to operate in the territories.
During the late 19th century, the above sequence of events resulted in the
1. disfranchisement of most African Americans in the South.
2. movement to repeal the 14th Amendment to the Constitution.
3. strengthening of the Republican Party in the South.
4. expansion of free public education to all children.
Which shaded area on the map was least industrialized in the second half of the 1800s?
1. area A
2. area B
3. area C
4. area D
The railroad building boom during the nineteenth century contributed to
1. increasing agricultural production in the Northeast.
2. the establishment of trade relations with Mexico.
3. dramatic population decreases in Southern cities.
4. the rapid industrialization of the United States.
The First Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily a
1. movement to increase colonial loyalty to the British monarchy.
2. revival of evangelical religion that spread through the colonies.
3. process of assimilating immigrants into colonial American culture.
4. period of economic prosperity brought about by colonial trade.
What would be considered a significant social effect of the First Great Awakening?
1. The number of women assuming a leadership role in religious institutions increased.
2. The number of Protestant religious denominations in the colonies declined.
3. The colonies experienced an increase in the number of Catholic immigrants.
4. The colonists began to challenge the hierarchical structure of existing religious denominations.
Lord Baltimore established the Maryland colony in response to
1. Spanish attempts to seize lands along the Chesapeake Bay.
2. the overcrowding of England’s large industrial centers.
3. the growing demand for cotton in English textile mills.
4. discrimination against Roman Catholics in England.
The primary religious issue of the 1960 presidential election in the United States was
1. the Catholic faith of John F. Kennedy.
2. Richard Nixon’s upbringing as a Quaker.
3. the teaching of creationism in public schools.
4. the Mormonism of George Romney.
Growing anti-Catholic sentiment in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century was related to
1. increasing immigration from southern and eastern Europe.
2. interference by the Catholic Church in U.S. foreign policy.
3. the reduction in the number of Catholic social programs.
4. the church’s refusal to ordain women to the priesthood.
Which religious group has had the greatest increase in membership due to the increasing immigration from Latin American countries to the United States over the last fifty years?
1. Catholics
2. Muslims
3. Jews
4. Protestants
The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, prohibiting the federal government from making any law “respecting an establishment of religion,” was one response to the
1. attempts by Maryland to make Catholicism the official state religion.
2. increasing number of Puritans arriving in the country.
3. religious persecution exhibited by the Church of England.
4. antireligious sentiments expressed during the Great Awakening.
Which of the following was an effect of the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)?
1. It aided the growth of federal social services.
2. It contributed to the development of settlement houses.
3. It influenced the passage of the Meat Inspection Act.
4. It led to the development of child labor laws.
The Americanization movement of the early twentieth century sought to
1. assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture.
2. restrict the military involvement of the United States in foreign confl icts.
3. protect domestic businesses from foreign competition.
4. diminish the role of government in the regulation of industry.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban immigrants generally supported local political machines that
1. discouraged the new immigrants from participating in civic affairs.
2. were usually supported by urban reformers.
3. provided essential services to the immigrants.
4. reminded immigrants of political practices in their homelands.
The muckraking journalists associated with the Progressive Era were known primarily for their
1. willingness to expose the corruption of U.S. society.
2. articles supporting the economic benefi ts of laissez-faire economics.
3. use of the media to advocate the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment.
4. support for the formation of U.S. military alliances with European countries.
Ford’s production of Model Ts in the early 20th century demonstrated the economic relationship between specialization and
1. reduced labor demand.
2. greater efficiencies in production.
3. higher production costs.
4. decreased union organization.
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the U.S. government attempted to facilitate the growth of domestic industry by
1. placing high tariff barriers on foreign imports.
2. encouraging the growth of labor unions.
3. repealing the Sherman Antitrust Act.
4. providing subsidies to small businesses.
How did the growth of U.S. manufacturing affect the country’s international relations during the late nineteenth century?
1. Increasing industrial production led to support for an isolationist foreign policy.
2. Increasing demand for natural resources led to the U.S. acquisition of African colonies.
3. Increasing demand for markets contributed to support for an Open Door policy in China.
4. Increasing need for trading partners encouraged the United States to lower tariff rates.
The followers of the Social Gospel movement believed that organized religion must place greater emphasis on
1. reconstructing American society.
2. raising funds.
3. supporting the Populist Party.
4. stopping immigration to the United States.
Members of the Populist Party supported public ownership of railroads because they thought it would
1. help small farmers.
2. reduce immigration.
3. decrease income taxes.
4. change monetary policy.
During President Theodore Roosevelt’s administration, Congress gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to
1. enforce legislation regulating railroad rates.
2. construct a national canal system.
3. impose lower import tariffs on foreign goods.
4. mint a national currency.
In 1900 the United States declared an Open Door Policy that reflected which of the following beliefs?
1. The Chinese were secretly negotiating trade privileges with European countries.
2. Japan might conquer China and cut off all foreign trade.
3. All countries should have equal trading rights in China.
4. American consumers would be hurt by international trade.
The United States supported a revolution in Panama at the turn of the 20th century in order to
1. stop human rights abuses in Latin American countries.
2. prevent the spread of communism in Latin America.
3. secure the right to build a canal through Central America.
4. end European colonialism in Central America.
Theodore Roosevelt’s “Speak softly and carry a big stick” policy relied on the United States having a
1. competitive economy.
2. system of military alliances.
3. strong navy.
4. tax on imports.
What did the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine state?
1. The United States would permanently station troops in the Philippines and other Pacific islands.
2. The United States reserved the right to intervene in the affairs of Central America and the Caribbean.
3. The United States had the right and duty to expand its colonial possessions in Asia.
4. The United States would provide military aid to Europe to resist communism.
Which of the following is the most accurate example of President Taft’s policy of “dollar diplomacy”?
1. allowing for the nationalization of Latin American property owned by U.S. citizens
2. exerting economic influence rather than military force in Latin American countries
3. using international trade organizations to stabilize Latin American economies
4. maintaining a military force to discourage European colonization in Latin America
The passage and the enforcement of the Espionage Act by the Wilson Administration reflected the belief that the
1. Fourteenth Amendment permitted suspending the Bill of Rights in wartime.
2. nation’s war effort would be threatened if dissenters were allowed free speech.
3. public should be shielded from hearing about the reality of the war.
4. other countries at war had already curtailed civil liberties.
The “Red Scare” in the United States immediately following World War I was a reaction to
1. President Wilson’s attempts to include the U.S. in the League of Nations.
2. the perceived growth of organized crime in major urban areas.
3. a perceived threat of a communist revolution in the United States.
4. a rise in the number of immigrants from Germany.
Which action belongs in the empty box above as it relates to World War I?
1. The U.S. Senate approves a military alliance with Great Britain.
2. The U.S. Senate refuses to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
3. The U.S. Senate fails to pass the Selective Service Act.
4. The U.S. Senate authorizes the use of troops in Europe.
Marcus Garvey’s program in the 1920s emphasized
1. vocational training.
2. a back-to-Africa movement.
3. integration into mainstream society.
4. separate-but-equal doctrines.
What organization was formed in the 1920s to ensure that the individual rights of citizens were protected from government abuse?
1. House Un-American Activities Committee
2. American Civil Liberties Union
3. American Liberty League
4. United Services Organization
Marcus Garvey’s “Back to Africa” movement and the creation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) were both early-twentieth-century responses to
1. the passage of more restrictive immigration laws.
2. the growth of communism in the South.
3. the practice of racial discrimination in the United States.
4. the desegregation of World War I combat units.
Why did the number of votes cast in the U.S. Presidential election rise by 8.2 million from 1916 to 1920?
1. The Nineteenth Amendment gave millions of women the right to vote.
2. The people were excited about voting on the issue of Prohibition.
3. Demobilization of the military released millions of men for voting.
4. Warren G. Harding’s call for “normalcy” energized the voters.
Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes had which of the following in common?
1. They were leaders involved with the 1960s civil rights movement.
2. They were initial members of President Franklin Roosevelt’s Black Cabinet.
3. They were writers associated with the Harlem Renaissance.
4. They were outspoken opponents to U.S. involvement in Vietnam.
The primary objective of Harlem Renaissance writers was to
1. encourage militant protest among African Americans.
2. support educational programs for African Americans.
3. improve literacy rates among African Americans.
4. generate pride in African-American culture.
Which of these was an outgrowth of mass production techniques used during the 1920s?
1. an increase in the advertising industry
2. a decrease in the need for female workers
3. an increase in environmental protection laws
4. a decrease in demand for unionization
Why did industrialists oppose the increased coinage of silver during the nineteenth century?
1. It would have led to greater political power for southern states.
2. It would have caused economic inflation.
3. It would have made it more difficult to secure business loans.
4. It would have limited the amount of money in circulation.
One of the key goals of the 1913 Federal Reserve Act was to
1. place a banking system under the direct control of Congress.
2. decentralize the banking industry in order to allow for local control of money.
3. protect the banking industry by removing the country from the gold standard.
4. create a banking system that could regulate the amount of money in circulation.
Early in the Depression, the Hoover Administration established the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to
1. make direct grants to unemployed workers.
2. loan money to banks, insurance companies, and other depressed businesses.
3. purchase American manufactured goods for export to foreign markets.
4. guarantee a minimum income to all of the nation’s farmers.
Which event most contributed to the establishment of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?
1. the Panic of 1893
2. the formation of the Standard Oil Trust
3. the Teapot Dome Scandal
4. the 1929 crash of the stock market
Franklin Roosevelt’s immediate response to the banking crisis after becoming president was to
1. declare a bank holiday that closed banks in the United States for several days.
2. nationalize the banks to ensure they were following federal regulations.
3. establish the Federal Reserve to reduce the possibility of another bank emergency.
4. borrow money from foreign banks to support the U.S. banking industry.
To many Californians, the arrival of the Dust Bowl refugees of the mid-1930s represented
1. a welcome addition to the labor force.
2. a source of much-needed capital investment.
3. new markets for California businesses.
4. unwanted additions to the ranks of the unemployed.
The large-scale movement of Great Plains residents to California during the Great Depression resulted in
1. an increase in wages for California laborers.
2. a decrease in the number of California residents seeking relief.
3. a significant decrease in the number of industrial workers in California.
4. a greater demand on available relief funds in California.
Social Security was a New Deal program designed to
1. foster the growth of trade unions.
2. promote recovery through economic development.
3. give direct aid to American businesses.
4. provide a minimum retirement income.
Many business groups opposed the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in the 1930s on the grounds that it
1. unfairly competed with private power companies.
2. charged too much for the electricity it sold.
3. did not treat its electric customers equally.
4. generated electricity with obsolete methods and equipment.
What New Deal program employed large numbers of artists and writers during the Great Depression?
1. National Recovery Administration (NRA)
2. Agriculture Adjustment Administration (AAA)
3. Works Progress Administration (WPA)
4. National Youth Administration (NYA)
One reason the United Farm Workers had difficulty gaining national recognition for their union was that
1. there were relatively few agricultural workers in California.
2. most agricultural workers were already members of other labor organizations.
3. there was no prior federal protection of agricultural workers.
4. wages for agricultural workers in California were already high.
What was President Roosevelt referring to in his speech?
1. a police attack on strikers in Detroit
2. the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor
3. an explosion in a West Virginia coal mine
4. the collapse of the New York Stock Exchange
Japanese attempts to create an empire prior to World War II were in conflict with the U.S. goal of
1. maintaining an open trade policy in Asia.
2. gaining a sphere of influence in Asia.
3. establishing a military presence in China.
4. creating a military alliance with China.
During World War II, what was the primary duty of the Navajo Code Talkers?
1. interpreting confi scated German battle plans
2. transmitting secret messages to U.S. forces during combat
3. translating confi dential Japanese communications
4. informing the press about the number of Allied war casualties
In comparison to the earlier conferences at Casablanca and Teheran, the meetings at Yalta and Potsdam were more focused upon
1. postwar issues.
2. military supply issues.
3. long-term military planning.
4. technological developments.
Many Americans opposed the 1941 Lend-Lease Act because they feared it would
1. draw the United States into the war in Europe.
2. cause the country to fall into an economic recession.
3. be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
4. place the United States in violation of the Versailles Treaty.
The U.S. Congress passed a series of neutrality acts beginning in August 1935 in response to
1. British requests to blockade German ports.
2. American antiwar sentiment.
3. the German invasion of Poland.
4. the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor.
In 1944, the Supreme Court upheld the internment of Japanese Americans residing on the West Coast by ruling that the actions were
1. part of an international agreement with U.S. allies.
2. approved by both houses of Congress.
3. allowed under the Fourteenth Amendment.
4. necessary for national security.
Partly because Japanese Americans living on the West Coast during World War II were considered security risks, they were
1. forced to give up their U.S. citizenship.
2. barred from military service throughout the war.
3. moved from their homes to internment camps.
4. prohibited by law from seeking employment with the federal government
The purpose of the Manhattan Project was to
1. provide economic aid to Latin American countries.
2. develop atomic weapons for the U.S. military.
3. bring about an end to poverty in U.S. urban areas.
4. offer assistance to relocated European refugees.
The purpose of the 1947 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was to
1. use tariffs to restrict international trade with communist countries.
2. raise money through tariffs to rebuild Europe after World War II.
3. encourage countries to repay war debts by increasing tariffs.
4. expand international trade by mutual reduction of tariffs.
The United Nations statement of principles was based on the belief that
1. the development of nuclear weapons must be closely monitored.
2. Germany must be punished by being forced to pay war reparations.
3. an international peacekeeping organization could settle disputes without warfare.
4. a strong military alliance was needed to prevent the emergence of new fascist dictators.
Since its establishment in 1945, the United Nations has
1. prevented border wars around the world.
2. provided a forum for international negotiations.
3. eliminated hunger and starvation worldwide.
4. replaced national armies with an international armed force.
President Eisenhower supported the establishment of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) as an attempt to
1. assist nationalist movements in Asian countries.
2. counter British attempts to establish colonies in Asia.
3. restrict communist aggression in Asian countries.
4. initiate programs for the protection of human rights in Asia.
Which of these was a cause of the Korean War?
1. NATO air and naval forces blocked ships sailing to North Korea.
2. North Korean forces, with Soviet approval, invaded South Korea.
3. United Nations inattention allowed guerrillas to infiltrate South Korea.
4. Widespread anti-colonial riots forced the Korean government to begin the war.
Which of these was a formal statement of intention of the United States to aid any country threatened by communist aggression?
1. Truman Doctrine
2. Marshall Plan
3. Alliance for Progress
4. Vietnamization
Which of these events was the closest the United States and the Soviet Union actually came to fighting each other during the Cold War?
1. Suez Crisis, 1956
2. Bay of Pigs, 1961
3. Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962
4. Gulf of Tonkin, 1964
The Truman Doctrine was a pledge on the part of the United States to help Greece and Turkey
1. avoid engaging in a war over oil reserves.
2. recover land they had lost during World War II.
3. resist the spread of communism in the region.
4. prosecute captured military leaders for war crimes.
Which action by President Harry Truman would be an example of his post–World War II containment policy?
1. He demanded human rights guarantees from Latin American allies.
2. He helped the Greek and Turkish governments resist communist rebels.
3. He negotiated with the U.S.S.R. to eliminate long-range nuclear weapons.
4. He provided economic recovery aid to China and Japan.
Which of the following best describes President Lyndon B. Johnson’s action toward Vietnam during the 1960s?
1. He threatened to use nuclear weapons to end the Vietnam War.
2. He initiated the complete democratization of North Vietnam.
3. He escalated U.S. military involvement in South Vietnam.
4. He refused to participate in a French-led occupation of Vietnam.
What factor would be considered most responsible for the employment trend depicted in the chart?
1. the increasing use of technology
2. the issuance of an isolationist trade policy
3. the establishment of a restrictive immigration policy
4. the initiation of extensive farm subsidy programs
The federal government initiated the bracero program during World War II in an effort to
1. restore the agricultural industry in the Plains states.
2. provide financial support for irrigation projects.
3. address the urgent need for agricultural laborers.
4. increase the revenue of crop producers.
During the second half of the twentieth century, the largest source of labor in California agriculture was
1. unemployed Midwestern industrial workers.
2. relocated Southern sharecroppers.
3. displaced workers from the Plains states.
4. immigrants from Mexico.
One reason labor union leaders opposed the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947 was that the act
1. placed a limit on wage rates.
2. favored big business interests over union interests.
3. forced the consolidation of the AFL and CIO unions.
4. placed too much bargaining control in the hands of Congress.
A wave of U.S. industrial strikes at the end of World War II contributed to President Harry Truman’s attempts to
1. increase the collective bargaining power of labor union leaders during wartime.
2. place strict limits on striking labor unions when national interests were at stake.
3. register the names of striking union workers with a federal review board.
4. activate National Guard units in order to force labor unions back to work.
Changes in the balance of power among the three branches of the Federal government during the 20th century have resulted from the
1. passage of Constitutional Amendments on voting.
2. expansion of executive power during periods of crisis.
3. loss of the Supreme Court’s power to review Congressional actions.
4. revival of the authority of the states.
Use the excerpt to answer the following question.

What effect did the 1964 joint resolution of Congress have regarding the deployment of U.S. troops to Vietnam?
1. It limited the powers of Congress during time of war.
2. It limited the power of the President to use U.S. troops overseas.
3. It authorized the President to send troops into battle.
4. It granted the President the authority to declare war.
During the last half of the twentieth century, what region of the United States saw a decrease in its population due to a decline in factory jobs?
1. region A
2. region B
3. region C
4. region D
A major accomplishment of medical science since the end of World War II has been the virtual worldwide elimination of death caused by
1. malaria.
2. smallpox.
3. cholera.
4. tuberculosis.
What new technology greatly expanded the audience for professional sports in the years immediately following World War II?
1. electric lighting
2. radio broadcasting
3. satellite
4. television
The outstanding record of African Americans who served in the military forces during World War II was one reason President Truman decided in 1948 to
1. begin drafting African Americans into the armed forces.
2. order an end to racial segregation in the military.
3. create special African-American combat units.
4. continue the Tuskegee Airmen program.
What effect did the African-American civil rights movement have on other minority groups in the United States?
1. It brought about anti-discrimination legislation that applied to other groups.
2. The backlash caused other minority groups to limit the use of civil disobedience.
3. It convinced other groups to create one unified civil rights movement.
4. It convinced other groups to minimize the use of protests as a way to end discrimination.
The Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
1. permitted affirmative action in admission to colleges.
2. ended Bible reading and prayer in public schools.
3. outlawed racial segregation in public schools.
4. authorized schools to censor student newspapers.
In 1957, President Eisenhower used federal troops in Little Rock, Arkansas, to
1. eliminate racial discrimination in housing.
2. allow African Americans to vote in local elections.
3. integrate the public schools.
4. admit African Americans to graduate programs.
The successful formation of the United Farm Workers indicated that the ideals of the civil rights movement had influenced the actions of
1. Native Americans.
2. Hispanic Americans.
3. Korean Americans.
4. Chinese Americans.
The immigration policies in place since the 1960s have
1. reinforced the population patterns reflected in the laws of the 1920s.
2. greatly increased ethnic diversity in American society.
3. encouraged immigration from Western European countries.
4. discouraged immigration from Asian countries.
The passage of the Immigration Act of 1965 resulted in
1. the deportation of large numbers of political refugees.
2. an increase in the number of Eastern European immigrants.
3. the elimination of an immigration policy based on national origin quotas.
4. an increase in the deportation of Asian immigrants.
The program President Lyndon B. Johnson created to wage his unconditional war on poverty was the
1. Alliance for Progress.
2. Fair Deal.
3. Great Society.
4. New Deal.
What would be considered a major factor in the declining number of family farms during the last half of the twentieth century?
1. The U.S. agricultural industry shifted to the use of corporate farms.
2. The U.S. government initiated the use of food production centers.
3. Demand for grains declined in the United States because of European imports.
4. Exports of U.S. agricultural products to Asian countries declined.

Grade 11 U.S. History - California Standards Tests (CSTs) Released Items

Choose the correct answer for each question.

What effect did the Enlightenment have on political thought in the colonies?

The Declaration of Independence elaborates on the Enlightenment idea of

Which of the following belongs in the empty box above?

Use the following information to complete the statement.

The idea included in the excerpt from the Declaration of Independence can be attributed to

Key decisions of the Supreme Court under the leadership of John Marshall solidified the power of the Supreme Court to

The acquisition of an American overseas empire during the late 1890s created legal controversies concerning the

During the late 19th century, the above sequence of events resulted in the

Which shaded area on the map was least industrialized in the second half of the 1800s?

The railroad building boom during the nineteenth century contributed to

The First Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily a

What would be considered a significant social effect of the First Great Awakening?

Lord Baltimore established the Maryland colony in response to

The primary religious issue of the 1960 presidential election in the United States was

Growing anti-Catholic sentiment in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century was related to

Which religious group has had the greatest increase in membership due to the increasing immigration from Latin American countries to the United States over the last fifty years?

The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, prohibiting the federal government from making any law “respecting an establishment of religion,” was one response to the

Which of the following was an effect of the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)?

The Americanization movement of the early twentieth century sought to

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban immigrants generally supported local political machines that

The muckraking journalists associated with the Progressive Era were known primarily for their

Ford’s production of Model Ts in the early 20th century demonstrated the economic relationship between specialization and

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the U.S. government attempted to facilitate the growth of domestic industry by

How did the growth of U.S. manufacturing affect the country’s international relations during the late nineteenth century?

The followers of the Social Gospel movement believed that organized religion must place greater emphasis on

Members of the Populist Party supported public ownership of railroads because they thought it would

During President Theodore Roosevelt’s administration, Congress gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to

In 1900 the United States declared an Open Door Policy that reflected which of the following beliefs?

The United States supported a revolution in Panama at the turn of the 20th century in order to

Theodore Roosevelt’s “Speak softly and carry a big stick” policy relied on the United States having a

What did the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine state?

Which of the following is the most accurate example of President Taft’s policy of “dollar diplomacy”?

The passage and the enforcement of the Espionage Act by the Wilson Administration reflected the belief that the

The “Red Scare” in the United States immediately following World War I was a reaction to

Which action belongs in the empty box above as it relates to World War I?

Marcus Garvey’s program in the 1920s emphasized

What organization was formed in the 1920s to ensure that the individual rights of citizens were protected from government abuse?

Marcus Garvey’s “Back to Africa” movement and the creation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) were both early-twentieth-century responses to

Why did the number of votes cast in the U.S. Presidential election rise by 8.2 million from 1916 to 1920?

Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes had which of the following in common?

The primary objective of Harlem Renaissance writers was to

Which of these was an outgrowth of mass production techniques used during the 1920s?

Why did industrialists oppose the increased coinage of silver during the nineteenth century?

One of the key goals of the 1913 Federal Reserve Act was to

Early in the Depression, the Hoover Administration established the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to

Which event most contributed to the establishment of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?

Franklin Roosevelt’s immediate response to the banking crisis after becoming president was to

To many Californians, the arrival of the Dust Bowl refugees of the mid-1930s represented

The large-scale movement of Great Plains residents to California during the Great Depression resulted in

Social Security was a New Deal program designed to

Many business groups opposed the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in the 1930s on the grounds that it

What New Deal program employed large numbers of artists and writers during the Great Depression?

One reason the United Farm Workers had difficulty gaining national recognition for their union was that

What was President Roosevelt referring to in his speech?

Japanese attempts to create an empire prior to World War II were in conflict with the U.S. goal of

During World War II, what was the primary duty of the Navajo Code Talkers?

In comparison to the earlier conferences at Casablanca and Teheran, the meetings at Yalta and Potsdam were more focused upon

Many Americans opposed the 1941 Lend-Lease Act because they feared it would

The U.S. Congress passed a series of neutrality acts beginning in August 1935 in response to

In 1944, the Supreme Court upheld the internment of Japanese Americans residing on the West Coast by ruling that the actions were

Partly because Japanese Americans living on the West Coast during World War II were considered security risks, they were

The purpose of the Manhattan Project was to

The purpose of the 1947 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was to

The United Nations statement of principles was based on the belief that

Since its establishment in 1945, the United Nations has

President Eisenhower supported the establishment of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) as an attempt to

Which of these was a cause of the Korean War?

Which of these was a formal statement of intention of the United States to aid any country threatened by communist aggression?

Which of these events was the closest the United States and the Soviet Union actually came to fighting each other during the Cold War?

The Truman Doctrine was a pledge on the part of the United States to help Greece and Turkey

Which action by President Harry Truman would be an example of his post–World War II containment policy?

Which of the following best describes President Lyndon B. Johnson’s action toward Vietnam during the 1960s?

What factor would be considered most responsible for the employment trend depicted in the chart?

The federal government initiated the bracero program during World War II in an effort to

During the second half of the twentieth century, the largest source of labor in California agriculture was

One reason labor union leaders opposed the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947 was that the act

A wave of U.S. industrial strikes at the end of World War II contributed to President Harry Truman’s attempts to

Changes in the balance of power among the three branches of the Federal government during the 20th century have resulted from the

**Which shaded area on the map was least industrialized in the second half of the 1800s?**

**The First Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s was primarily a**

**Which of the following was an effect of the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)?**

**The muckraking journalists associated with the Progressive Era were known primarily for their**

**Which of the following is the most accurate example of President Taft’s policy of “dollar diplomacy”?**

**The primary objective of Harlem Renaissance writers was to**

**Which event most contributed to the establishment of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?**

**What factor would be considered most responsible for the employment trend depicted in the chart?**

**The federal government initiated the bracero program during World War II in an effort to**

**The Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)**